Abstract

This study presents the design and simulation of a rook-shaped microstrip patch antenna for 2.4 GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) applications. The proposed antenna is made from a FR-4 lossy substrate with a relative permittivity of 4.4, a loss tangent of 0.02, and a substrate thickness of 1.6 mm. The radiating patch is fashioned like a rook (castle) chess piece by carefully etching rectangular slots around the edge of a normal rectangular patch. This increases the current route length and enhances impedance matching. Both the radiating patch and the ground plane of the antenna are made of copper (annealed), and it employs edge feeding with a 50 microstrip feed line. The simulation results from the CST Studio Suite reveal a resonant frequency. Simulation results from CST Studio Suite reveal excellent impedance matching, with a resonance frequency of 2.409 GHz, a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of 1.2583, and a return loss (S?,?) of ?18.831 dB. The radiation pattern exhibits a broadside radiation characteristic with a peak gain of ?0.286 dBi. Its modest size and distinctive geometric shape make it an excellent fit for integration into modern WLAN-capable devices.