Research Article

, 09 Jun 2026 | 10.6234610.62346/ijcn_v14_no2_26_05

Year : 2026 | Volume: 14 | Issue: 2 | Pages : 1-4

Design and Simulation of Hexagonal Microstrip Patch Antenna for 5G NR n79 Band Communications

Dr. G. Kalpanadevi¹ *, Bavadharani Dhandapani, Bavadharani Parthipan, Harshatha Venkatraman, Kanamni Vijay

1Anna University Chennai, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering K. Ramakrishnan college of engineering, Tamilnadu, IN

The rapid development of modern wireless communication technologies prompts the need for compact and reliable antennas capable of supporting stable and efficient signal transmission in different types of systems. In this work, a hexagon-shaped microstrip patch antenna is designed for microwave wireless communication applications. The presented antenna is reveals resonance at 4.53 GHz which can be used in wireless communication and sensing applications. By introducing hexagonal geometry, the surface current distribution is enhanced and a good amount of impedance matching with superior radiation characteristics than conventional microstrip patch antennas was achieved. The antenna is designed on FR-4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.3 and a thickness of 1.6 mm in order to create a small and inexpensive structure. The provided antenna has good return loss, VSWR, and stable radiation for the newest wireless communication applications, according to the findings of the design performance simulation using the CST studio suite.

Conclusion

Here we have provided a well-designed and analyzed hexagonal microstrip patch antenna for 5G NR n79 band communications at the frequency range of 4.5 GHz for the applications of 5G wireless communication. A compact hexagonal radiating patch and double inset feed structure is introduced for impedance matching and improvement of performance. According to the simulation, at a frequency of about 4.52 GHz, this antenna has approximately ?13 dB return loss and nearly 1.5 VSWR values with clean energy transfer to load along with good impedance matching needed for an optimal circuit design. The designed antenna’s mismatch loss and VSWR performances are better than already available designs. The design is straightforward, compact, and can be easily manufactured using standard PCB methods, making it easy for practical applications. Fabrication and experimental validation of the antenna can also be performed in future work. There are also some useful techniques that make the antenna perform better in all aspects, like increasing the gain, improving the bandwidth, and many such things.

Author Contributions

Dr. G. Kalpanadevi¹, Bavadharani Dhandapani², Bavadharani Parthipan³, Harshatha Venkatraman⁴, Kanamni Vijay⁵

1,2,3,4,5Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,

K. Ramakrishnan College of Engineering, Samayapuram, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India

References

[1] M. Pozar, Microwave Engineering, 4th ed. Hoboken, NJ, USA: Wiley, 2012.

[2] K. L. Wong, Compact and Broadband Microstrip Antennas. New York, NY, USA: Wiley, 2002.

[3] J. R. James and P. S. Hall, Handbook of Microstrip Antennas. London, U.K.: IET, 1989.

[4] R. Garg, P. Bhartia, I. Bahl, and A. Ittipiboon, Microstrip Antenna Design Handbook. Norwood, MA, USA: Artech House, 2001.

[5] S. Maci and G. B. Gentili, “Dual-frequency patch antennas,” IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 13–20, Dec. 1997.

[6] Y. X. Guo, K. M. Luk, and K. F. Lee, “Broadband slot-coupled microstrip antennas,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 49, no. 10, pp. 1452–1456, Oct. 2001.

[7] A. A. Kishk, “Wide-band truncated slot antennas fed by CPW,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 53, no. 2, pp. 555–560, Feb. 2005.

[8] H. Wong and K. M. Luk, “Small antennas in wireless communications,” Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 100, no. 7, pp. 2109–2121, Jul. 2012.

[9] X. L. Bao and M. J. Ammann, “Compact planar monopole antenna for 4G/5G applications,” Electronics Letters, vol. 53, no. 12, pp. 765–767, Jun. 2017.

[10] S. Zhang, J. Li, and G. F. Pedersen, “Dual-band and wideband antennas for 5G mobile terminals,” IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 20564–20575, 2018.

[11] Q. Wu, R. Jin, J. Geng, and M. Ding, “Printed antenna design for 5G mobile communications,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 16, pp. 1860–1863, 2017.

[12] M. Ikram, N. Nguyen-Trong, and A. Abbosh, “A wideband microstrip antenna for sub-6 GHz 5G applications,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 34–38, Jan. 2020.

Keywords: Hexagonal microstrip patch antenna, wireless communication, 4.53 GHz, FR-4 substrate, CST Studio Suite, impedance matching, return loss, VSWR & gain design and simulation.

Citation: Dr. G. Kalpanadevi*, Dr. G. Kalpanadevi ( 2026), Design and Simulation of Hexagonal Microstrip Patch Antenna for 5G NR n79 Band Communications. , 14(2): 1-4

Received: 01/06/2026; Accepted: 09/06/2026;
Published: 09/06/2026

Edited by:

Mr.ERES JOURNALS

Reviewed by:

*Correspondence: Dr. G. Kalpanadevi, kalpanadevig.ece@krce.ac.in