Research Article

, 09 Jun 2026 | 10.6234610.62346/ijcn_v14_no2_26_04

Year : 2026 | Volume: 14 | Issue: 2 | Pages : 1-6

Design and Substrate Analysis of Pentagonal Microstrip Patch Antenna

Dr. G. Kalpanadevi¹ *, Dharanika K, Dhivya Sri Karunanithi, Gowsic Prabha Krishnan and Janani Murugan

1Anna University Chennai, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering K. Ramakrishnan college of engineering, Tamilnadu, IN

The design and substrate analysis of a pentagonal microstrip patch antenna for wireless communication and multi-band Internet of Things applications are presented in this work. In order to examine the impact of substrate permittivity on resonant frequency, return loss, VSWR, and gain, the proposed antenna is constructed and simulated using CST Studio Suite and assessed across three dielectric substrate materials: FR4 (?r = 4.3), RT Duroid (?r = 2.2), and PTFE (?r = 2.1). With a gain of 4.130 dBi, a VSWR of 1.351, and a return loss of ?16.518 dB, the FR4 substrate generates a resonant frequency of 5.00 GHz. With a gain of 7.957 dBi, a VSWR of 1.506, and a return loss of ?13.886 dB, the RT Duroid substrate resonates at 6.859 GHz. With return losses of ?13.844 dB and ?16.395 dB, VSWRs of 1.356 and 1.509, and gains of 8.122 dBi and 6.926 dBi, respectively, the PTFE substrate displays dual-band behavior at 7.005 GHz and 10.305 GHz. The findings show that while PTFE specifically permits dual-band operation, lower permittivity substrates raise the resonance frequency and enhance gain performance. The suggested pentagonal patch antenna shows potential for C-band and X-band wireless and Internet of Things applications and achieves high impedance matching across all substrates.

Author Contributions

Dr.G. Kalpanadevi¹, Dharanika K², Dhivya Sri Karunanithi³, Gowsic Prabha Krishnan⁴ and Janani Murugan⁵

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,

K. Ramakrishnan College of Engineering, Samayapuram 621112, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India

References

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[13] P. Kuravatti, "Analyze and compare the parameters of microstrip rectangular patch antenna using FR4, RT Duroid, and Taconic substrate," in Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, vol. 195, Springer, Singapore, 2021, pp. 487–495.

[14] E. Gopal and A. Singhal, "Effects of different substrates on rectangular microstrip patch antenna for X-band," Asian Journal of Engineering and Applied Technology, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 1–6, 2018.

[15] V. V. Kumar and M. Suresh Kumar, "Design of square patch antenna for X-band applications using RT-Duroid substrate and comparing its gain performance with FR4 substrate," AIP Conference Proceedings, vol. 2822, no. 1, p. 020184, Nov. 2023.

Keywords: Pentagonal microstrip patch antenna, FR4, RT Duroid, PTFE, Internet of Things, CST Studio Suite, return loss, and VSWR are among the index terms.

Citation: Dr. G. Kalpanadevi*, Dr. G. Kalpanadevi ( 2026), Design and Substrate Analysis of Pentagonal Microstrip Patch Antenna. , 14(2): 1-6

Received: 03/06/2026; Accepted: 09/06/2026;
Published: 09/06/2026

Edited by:

Mr.ERES JOURNALS

Reviewed by:

*Correspondence: Dr. G. Kalpanadevi, kalpanadevig.ece@krce.ac.in

Excellant Research in Engineeringand Science Publications

Research Article

Design and Substrate Analysis of Pentagonal Microstrip Patch Antenna

Author Contributions

References

Excellant Research in Engineering
and Science Publications