Review Article

, 20 Apr 2026 | 10.6234610.62346/ijcn_v14_no2_26_02

Year : 2026 | Volume: 14 | Issue: 2 | Pages : 1-6

Design and Analysis of Compact Multiband Concentric Spiral Patch Antenna for S-Band and C-Band Wireless Applications

Dr. G. Kalpanadevi¹ *, Bhavani Miruthula Rajakumar,Kanjanadevi Kumaravel, Keerthana Marimuthu, Lekkasri Manikandan

1Anna University Chennai, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering K. Ramakrishnan college of engineering, Tamilnadu, IN

This paper presents the design and analysis of a compact multiband concentric spiral microstrip patch antenna for S-Band and C-Band wireless communication applications. The proposed antenna consists of a circular disc radiating patch with three concentric ring-shaped slots etched on its surface to enable multiband operation. The antenna is designed on an FR-4 dielectric substrate with a relative permittivity of 4.4 and thickness of 1.6 mm. The design and performance evaluation are carried out using CST Studio Suite 2024. Simulation results demonstrate that the antenna achieves triple-band resonance at 2.7 GHz in the S-Band and at 5.145 GHz and 5.685 GHz in the C-Band, with a minimum return loss (S11) of ?41.81 dB and VSWR values of 1.016, 1.515, and 1.152 at the respective resonant frequencies. The compact structure, low VSWR, and satisfactory radiation performance confirm that the proposed antenna is suitable for satellite communication, WLAN, and radar sensing applications in the S-Band and C-Band frequency ranges.

Conclusion

Its compact structure, low fabrication cost, and reliable multiband performance make this antenna suitable for satellite communication, WLAN, radar sensing, and other S-Band and C-Band wireless applications. The antenna is implemented on a 55 × 55 mm² FR-4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and thickness of 1.6 mm. Three concentric ring-shaped slots etched into a circular disc radiating patch introduce multiple resonant modes, enabling triple-band operation at 2.7 GHz, 5.145 GHz, and 5.685 GHz. Simulation results obtained using CST Studio Suite 2024 demonstrate excellent impedance matching with return loss values of ?41.81 dB, ?13.76 dB, and ?23.00 dB, and VSWR values of 1.016, 1.515, and 1.152 at the respective resonant frequencies. The compact structure, low fabrication cost, and satisfactory multiband performance make the proposed antenna a strong candidate for satellite communication, WLAN, radar sensing, and other wireless applicationsin the S-Band and C-Band frequency range [6].

Author Contributions

Bhavani Miruthula Rajakumar¹,Kanjanadevi Kumaravel², Keerthana Marimuthu³, Lekkasri Manikandan⁴

bhavanimiruthula@gmail.com¹, kanjanadevikanjanadevi207@gmail.com², mkeerthana80871@gmail.com³, lekkamanikandan@gmail.com⁴

Students, Department of ECE, K. Ramakrishnan College of Engineering, Samayapuram,Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India

References

[1] C. A. Balanis, Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design, 4th ed. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, 2016.

[2] R. Garg, P. Bhartia, I. Bahl, and A. Ittipiboon, Microstrip Antenna Design Handbook. Boston, MA, USA: Artech House, 2001.

[3] D. M. Pozar, "Microstrip antennas," Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 80, no. 1, pp. 79–91, Jan. 1992.

[4] J. R. James and P. S. Hall, Handbook of Microstrip Antennas. London, U.K.: Peter Peregrinus Ltd., 1989.

[5] K. L. Wong, Compact and Broadband Microstrip Antennas. New York, NY, USA: John Wiley & Sons, 2002.

[6] T. S. Rappaport, Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice, 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA: Prentice Hall, 2002.

[7] S. Maci and G. B. Gentili, "Dual-frequency patch antennas," IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 13–20, Dec. 1997.

[8] R. Chair, C. L. Mak, K. F. Lee, K. M. Luk, and A. A. Kishk, "Miniature wide-band half U-slot and half E-shaped patch antennas," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 53, no. 8, pp. 2645–2652, Aug. 2005.

Keywords: Multiband antenna, concentric ring slots, spiral patch, S-Band, C-Band, CST Studio Suite 2024, FR-4 substrate, return loss, VSWR.

Citation: Dr. G. Kalpanadevi*, Dr. G. Kalpanadevi ( 2026), Design and Analysis of Compact Multiband Concentric Spiral Patch Antenna for S-Band and C-Band Wireless Applications. , 14(2): 1-6

Received: 01/04/2026; Accepted: 20/04/2026;
Published: 20/04/2026

Edited by:

Mr.ERES JOURNALS

Reviewed by:

*Correspondence: Dr. G. Kalpanadevi, kalpanadevig.ece@krce.ac.in